THE DINUR CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN JEWISH HISTORY
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

LEE I. A. LEVINE (Emeritus)

Personal

Publications

I.     Books

1.     Caesarea under Roman Rule (Leiden: Brill, 1975), 297pp.

2.     Roman Caesarea: An Archeological-Topographical Study, Qedem 2 (Jerusalem: Institute of Archeology, Hebrew University, 1975), 56pp., 8 pl.

3.     The Rabbinic Class in Palestine in the Talmudic Period (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1985), 154pp. Hebrew.

4.     The Rabbinic Class of Roman Palestine in Late Antiquity, revised and expanded from Hebrew (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute and Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1989), 223pp.

5.     Excavations at Caesarea - 1975, 1976, 1979: Final Report, Qedem 21, co-authored with Ehud Netzer (Jerusalem: Institute of Archeology, Hebrew University, 1986), 206pp.

6.     Jerusalem in Its Splendor: A History of the City in the Second Temple Period, Ariel 114-115 (Jerusalem: Ariel Publishing, 1996), 206pp. Hebrew.

7.     Jerusalem in Its Splendor: A History of the City in the Second Temple Period, revised and expanded edition (Tel-Aviv: Modan Publishing, 1997), 240pp. Hebrew.

8a.      Judaism and Hellenism in Antiquity (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1998), 212pp.

  b.     Judaism and Hellenism in Antiquity (Jerusalem: Shazar Center, 1999), 200pp. Hebrew.

9.       The Ancient Synagogue (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000), 748pp.

10.      Geographical Place-Names in Eretz-Israel during the Second Temple-Talmudic Periods According to Hebrew and Aramaic Sources, I (Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences, in press), 600pp. Hebrew.

11.    Jerusalem in the Second Temple Period (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, forthcoming).

II.    Books Edited

12.    Ancient Synagogues Revealed (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1981), 199pp.

13.    The Jerusalem Cathedra: Studies in the History, Archeology, Geography and Ethnography of the Land of Israel (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute):

        a.      vol. I (1981), 368pp.

        b.      vol. II (1982), 348pp.

        c.      vol. III (1983), 361pp.

14.    The Synagogue in Late Antiquity (Philadelphia: American Schools of Oriental Research and Jewish Theological Seminary, 1987), 222pp.

15.    The Galilee in Late Antiquity (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary, 1992), 410pp.

16.    Jerusalem: Its Sanctity and Centrality to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam (New York: Continuum Publishing, 1998), 493pp.

17.    From Dura to Sepphoris: Studies in Jewish Art and Society in Late Antiquity, co-edited with Z. Weiss (Ann Arbor: JRA Supplementary Series,2000), 238pp.

18.    Jewish Cultural Life in Late Antiquity in its Byzantine-Christian Context (Jerusalem: Ben Zvi, forthcoming) (Hebrew).

III.   Internet Course

19.    Jerusalem in the Second Temple Period, Jewish Theological Seminary (http://www.courses.jtsa.edu/registration/sectempae.html)

IV. Articles

20.      "Philo and the Allegorical Method," Yavne Review (1961): 17-28.

21.      "Some Observations of the Coins of Caesarea Maritima," Israel Exploration Journal 22 (1972): 131-140.

22.     "A propos de la fondation de la Tour de Straton," Revue Biblique 80 (1973): 75-81.

23.      "The Hasmonean Conquest of Strato's Tower," Israel Exploration Journal 24 (1974): 62-69.

24a.    "The Jewish-Greek Conflict in First Century Caesarea," Journal of Jewish Studies 25 (1974): 381-397.

    b.   "The Jewish-Greek Conflict in First Century Caesarea," The Great Jewish Revolt, ed. A. Kasher (Jerusalem: Shazar Center, 1983), 173-194. Hebrew.

25.      "Rabbi Abbahu of Caesarea," Christianity, Judaism and Other Greco-Roman Cults: Studies for Morton Smith at Sixty, IV, ed. J. Neusner, (Leiden: Brill, 1975), 56-76.

26.     "La Palestine sous la loi romaine," Les dossiers de l'arch?ologie 10 (May-June, 1975): 17-22.

27.      "Rabbi Abbahu of Caesarea," Papers of the Sixth World Congress for Jewish Studies, II (Jerusalem: World Union of Jewish Studies, 1976), 47-50. Hebrew.

28a.    "The Zealots of the Late Second Temple Period in Modern Historiography," Cathedra 1 (1976): 39-48, 59-60. Hebrew.

    b.   "The Zealots of the Late Second Temple Period in Modern Historiography," The Great Jewish Revolt, ed. A. Kasher (Jerusalem: Shazar Center, 1983), 365-388. Hebrew.

29.      "New Light on Caesarea," Qadmoniot 11 (1978): 70-75. Hebrew.

30.      "Pella," Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, III, ed. M. Avi-Yonah and E. Stern (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1978), 939-943.

31.      "Caesarea," Encyclopedia Hebraica, XXIX (Jerusalem, 1978), 658-661. Hebrew.

32.     "On the Political Involvement of the Pharisees under Herod and the Procurators," Cathedra 8 (1978): 12-28. Hebrew.

33a.    "R. Simeon bar Yohai and the Purification of Tiberias," Hebrew Union College Annual 49 (1978): 143-185.

   b.   "R. Simeon bar Yohai and the Purification of Tiberias," Cathedra 22 (1982): 9-42. Hebrew.

34.      "The Jewish Patriarch (Nasi) in Third Century Palestine," Aufstieg und Niedergang der r?mischen Welt, II, 19.2, ed. H. Temporini and W. Haase (Berlin and New York: de Gruyter, 1979), 649-688.

35a.    "Toward an Appraisal of Herod as a Builder," Cathedra 15 (1980): 52-55. Hebrew.

    b.   "Toward an Appraisal of Herod as a Builder," Jerusalem Cathedra, I, ed. L. I. Levine (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1981), 1-10.

36.      "Ancient Synagogues - A Historical Introduction," Ancient Synagogues Revealed, ed. L. I. Levine (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1981), 1-10.

37.      "The Inscription in the 'En Gedi Synagogue," Ancient Synagogues Revealed, ed. L. I. Levine (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1981), 140-145.

38.      "The Synagogue at Dura Europos," Ancient Synagogues Revealed, ed. L. I. Levine (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1981), 172-177.

39.      "The Synagogue at Horvat 'Ammudim," Ancient Synagogues Revealed, ed. L. I. Levine (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1981), 78-81.

40.      "The Political Struggle between Pharisees and Sadducees in the Hasmonean Period," Studies in the History of Jerusalem in the Second Temple Period:  Schalit Memorial Volume, ed. A. Oppenheimer, U. Rappaport, and M. Stern (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1981), 61-83. Hebrew.

41.      "Horvat 'Ammudim Excavations," Qadmoniot 51-52 (1981): 107-111. Hebrew.

42.      "The History of Caesarea in the Roman and Byzantine Periods," Qardom 18 (1981): 7-30. Hebrew.

43.     "On the History of the Study of Caesarea," Qardom 18 (1981): 64-68. Hebrew.

44.      "Excavations at the Synagogue of Horvat 'Ammudim," Israel Exploration Journal 32 (1982): 1-12.

45.      "The Age of R. Judah the Prince," Eretz-Israel from the Destruction of the Second Temple to the Muslim Conquest, I, ed. Z. Baras, S. Safrai, Y. Tsafrir, and M. Stern (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1982), 94-118. Hebrew.

46.      "Palestine in the Third Century C.E.," Eretz-Israel from the Destruction of the Second Temple to the Muslim Conquest, I, ed. Z. Baras, S. Safrai, Y. Tsafrir, and M. Stern (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1982), 119-143. Hebrew.

47.      "The Rabbinic Class of Third Century Palestine," Proceedings of the Eighth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Division B (Jerusalem: World Union of Jewish Studies, 1982), 5-8. Hebrew.

48.      "Messianic Tendencies at the End of the Second Temple Period," Messianism and Eschatology, ed. Z. Baras (Jerusalem: Shazar Center, 1983), 135-152. Hebrew.

49.      "Archaeological Discoveries from the Greco-Roman Era," Recent Archaeology in the Land of Israel, ed. H. Shanks (Washington, D.C.: Biblical Archaeology Society, 1983), 75-87.

50.      "The Archaeological Finds from Beth-Shearim and Their Importance for the Study of the Talmudic Period," Eretz-Israel, XVIII (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1985), 277-281. Hebrew.

51.     "C?sar?e et la synagogue de Horvat Ha-'Ammudim," in: Recherches Arch?ologiques en Israel (Leuven: Peeters, 1984), 227-231.

52.      "Roman Rule in Palestine at the End of the Second Temple Period (63 B.C.E.-74 C.E.), The History of Eretz-Israel, IV, ed. M. Stern (Jerusalem: Keter, 1984), 11-280. Hebrew.

53.      "Herod: The Man and His Times," King Herod and His Times, Edan 5 (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1985), 2-10. Hebrew.

54. "An Onomasticon of Ancient Palestine in the Second Temple - Talmudic Periods according to Hebrew and Aramaic Sources: A Preliminary Report," World Union of Jewish Studies Newsletter 25 (1985): 39-46. Hebrew.

55a.    "The Second Temple Synagogue:  The Formative Years," The Synagogue in Late Antiquity, ed. L. I. Levine (Philadelphia: American Schools of Oriental Research and Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1987), 7-31.

    b.   "The Second Temple Synagogue: Its Character and Development," The Synagogue in Israel and the Diaspora in Antiquity, ed. A. Oppenheimer, A. Kasher, and U. Rappaport (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1987), 11-29. Hebrew.

56a.    "The Age of Hellenism: Alexander the Great and the Rise and Fall of the Hasmonean Kingdom," Ancient Israel: A Short History from Abraham to the Roman Destruction of the Temple, ed. H. Shanks (Washington, D.C.: Biblical Archaeology Society, 1988), 177-204, 254-257.

    b.   "Okres hellenistyczny," Starozytny Izrael - Od czasow Abrahama do zburzenia Jerozolimy przez Rzymian (Warsaw: Czytelnik, 1994), 247-284.

57.     "La synagogue de Doura Europos," Le Monde de la Bible 57 (1989): 20-27.

58.      "Les fonctions de la synagogue ancienne," Le Monde de la Bible 57 (1989): 28-31.

59.     The Interior of the Ancient Synagogue and Its Furnishings: From Communal Center to 'Lesser Sanctuary'," Cathedra 60 (1990): 36-84. Hebrew.

60.      "The Jewish Community at Caesarea in Late Antiquity," Caesarea Papers: Straton's Tower, Herod's Harbour, and Roman and Byzantine Caesarea, ed. R. L. Vann (Ann Arbor: JRA Supplementary Series, 1992), 268-273.

61.      "Judaism from the Destruction of Jerusalem to the End of the Second Jewish Revolt: 70-135 C.E.," Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism: Parallel History of Their Origins and Early Development, ed. H. Shanks (Washington, D.C.: Biblical Archaeology Society, 1992), 125-149.

62.      "The Sages and the Synagogue in Late Antiquity: The Evidence of the Galilee," The Galilee in Late Antiquity, ed. L. I. Levine, (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1992), 201-222. 

63.      "Herod the Great," The Anchor Bible Dictionary, III, ed. D. N. Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1992), 161-169.

64.      "Jewish War (66-74 C.E.)," The Anchor Bible Dictionary, III, ed. D. N. Freedman (New York: Doubleday,1992), 839-845.

65.      "Synagogues," The New Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land, IV, ed. E. Stern (Jerusalem: Carta, 1993), 1421-1424.

66.      "Synagogue Research Since the 1970s," The New Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land, I, ed. E. Stern (Jerusalem: Carta, 1993), 258-261. Hebrew.

67a.    "The Synagogue of Horvat 'Ammudim," The New Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land, IV, ed. E. Stern (Jerusalem: Carta, 1993), 1242-1244.

    b.   "The Synagogue of Horvat 'Ammudim," The New Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land, I, ed. E. Stern (Jerusalem: Carta, 1993), 55-56. Hebrew.

68a.     "Excavations at Caesarea," The New Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land, I, ed. E. Stern (Jerusalem: Carta, 1993), 280-282.

    b.   "Excavations at Caesarea," The New Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land, IV, ed. E. Stern (Jerusalem: Carta, 1993), 1379-1382. Hebrew.

69.      "Caesarea's Synagogues and Some Historical Implications," Biblical Archaeology Today 1990 (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1993), 666-678. 

70.      "Introduction," in: Synagogues in Eretz Israel: From Antiquity to the Present, ed. H. Klil-Hahoresh (Tel-Aviv: Israel Defense Forces Educational Division, 1993), 13-32. Hebrew.

71.      "The Relationship between Rabbinic Literature and Archeological Finds: Remarks in Response to D. Amit," Cathedra 68 (1993): 36-40. Hebrew.

72.      "The Synagogue as a Communal Institution: Who Determined its Policy?" Proceedings of the Eleventh World Congress of Jewish Studies, B/1 (Jerusalem: World Union of Jewish Studies, 1994), 1-8. Hebrew.

73a.     "Josephus' Description of the Jerusalem Temple: War, Antiquities, and Other Sources,"in: Josephus and the History of the Greco-Roman Period, ed. F. Parente and J. Sievers (Leiden: Brill, 1994), 233-246.

    b.   "The Temple of Jerusalem: Josephus' Description and Other Sources," Cathedra 77 (1995): 3-16. Hebrew.

74.      "The Background of the Antiochan Persecutions and the Hasmonean Revolt," in: In the Days of the Hasmonean Dynasty, ed. D. Amit and H. Eshel (Jerusalem: Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1995), 9-20. Hebrew.

75a.     "Diaspora Judaism of Late Antiquity and Its Relationship to Palestine: Evidence from the Ancient Synagogue," Studies on the Jewish Diaspora in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods," Te'uda 12, ed. B. Isaac and A. Oppenheimer (Tel-Aviv: Ramot, 1996), 139-158.

    b.   "Uniformity and Diversity in Judaism of Late Antiquity: Evidence from the Diaspora Synagogues," The Jews in the Hellenistic-Roman World: Studies in Memory of Menahem Stern, ed. I. Gafni, A. Oppenheimer and D. Schwartz (Jerusalem: Shazar Center, 1996), 379-92. Hebrew.

76.      "Synagogue Officials: The Evidence from Caesarea and Its Implications for Palestine and the Diaspora," in: Caesarea Maritima: A Retrospective after Two Millennia, ed. A. Raban and K. Holum (Leiden: Brill, 1996), 392-400.

77a.    "The Status of the Patriarchate in the Third and Fourth Centuries: Sources and Methodology, " Journal of Jewish Studies 47 (1996): 1-32.

    b.   "The Patriarchate in Palestine in the Third and Fourth Centuries," in: Autonomy and Political Institutions in Jewish History, ed. I. Gafni et al. (Jerusalem: Shazar Center, in press). Hebrew.

78a.    "The Nature and Origin of the Palestinian Synagogue Reconsidered," JBL 115 (1996): 425-448.

    b. "The Nature and Origin of the Palestinian Synagogue Reconsidered," in: Tehillah le-Moshe: Biblical and Judaic Studies in Honor of Moshe Greenberg, ed. M. Cogan, B. L. Eichler, J. H. Tigay (Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1997), 143*-162*. Hebrew.

79.      "Archaeology and the Religious Ethos of Pre-70 Palestine," in: Hillel and Jesus: Comparative Studies of Two Major Religious Leaders, ed. J. Charlesworth (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1997), 110-20.

80.      "Beth She'arim," The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, I, ed. E. M. Meyers, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997), 309-311.

81.      "The Revolutionary Effects of Archeology on the Study of Jewish History Roman-Byzantine Palestine: The Case of the Ancient Synagogue," in: The Archaeology of Israel: Constructing the Past, Interpreting the Present, ed. N. A. Silberman and D. Small (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic, 1997), 166-189.

82.      "Hasmonean Jerusalem: A Jewish City in a Hellenistic Orbit," Judaism 46/2 (Spring 1997): 140-146.

83.a. "The Menorah in the Synagogue," in: By the Light of the Menorah: The Evolution of a Symbol, ed. Y. Israeli (Jerusalem: The Israel Museum, 1998), 99-101. Hebrew.

    b. "The Menorah in the Ancient Synagogue," In the Light of the Menorah: Story of a Symbol, ed. Y. Israeli (Jerusalem: The Israel Museum, 1999), 109-12.

84.      "Second Temple Jerusalem: A Jewish City in the Greco-Roman Orbit," in: Jerusalem: Its Sanctity and Centrality to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, ed. L. I. Levine (New York: Continuum, 1998), 53-68.

85.      "Synagogue Leadership: The Case of the Archisynagogue," in: Jews in a Greco-Roman World, ed. M. Goodman (Oxford: Clarendon, 1998), 195-213

86.      "Sanhedrin," The Oxford Dictionary, ed. B. Metzer (in press).

87.      "Synagogue," The Oxford Dictionary, ed. B. Metzer (in press).

88.      "Synagogue," in: Guide to the Late Antique World, ed. G. Bowersock, P. Brown and O. Grabar (Cambridge: Harvard University, in press), 6pp.

89.      "Synagogues in the Judaean Desert," in: Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls, ed. L. Schiffman and J. Vanderkam (New York: Oxford University, in press).

90.      "Bilderkult IV.Judentum," in: Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart⁴, ed. J. Persch (T?bingen: J. C. B. Mohr [Paul Siebeck], in press).

91.      "The Age of Hellenism: Alexander the Great and the Rise and Fall of the Hasmonean Kingdom," in: Ancient Israel: A Short History from Abraham to the Roman Destruction of the Temple (Revised and Expanded), ed. H. Shanks (Washington, D.C.: Biblical Archaeology Society, 1999), 231-64.

92.      "The Development of Synagogue Liturgy in Late Antiquity," in: Galilee Through the Centuries: Confluence of Cultures, ed. E. M. Meyers (Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1999), 123-44.

93.      "The Patriarch and the Ancient Synagogue," in: Jews, Christians, and Polytheists in the Ancient Synagogue, ed. S. Fine (London: Routledge, 1999), 87-100.

94.      "The Hellenistic-Roman Diaspora ce 70- ce 235: the Archaeological Evidence," The Cambridge History of Judaism Vol. 3, ed. W. Horbury et al (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 991-1024.

95.a.   "The History and Significance of the Menorah in Antiquity," in: From Dura to Sepphoris: Studies in Jewish Art and Society in Late Antiquity, eds. L. I. Levine and Z. Weiss (Ann Arbor: JRA Supplementary Series, 2000), 131-53.

    b.   "The History and Significance of the Menorah in Antiquity," Cathedra 98 (2000), 7-32 (Hebrew).

96.      "Archeology and the Bible," in: Rabbinical Assembly Chumash, ed. D. Lieber (in press).

97.      "Synagoge," Theologische Realenzyklopaedie, eds. G. Mueller et.al., (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter) (in press).

98.      "Between Rome and Byzantium: Evidence, Reality and Periodization," Jewish Cultural Life in Late Antiquity in its Byzantine-Christian Context, ed. Lee I. Levine (Jerusalem: Ben Zvi, forthcoming), (Hebrew).

99.      "Les fonctions de la synagogue ancienne," in: Aux origines de christianisme (Paris: Gallimard, 2000), 48-54.

100.     "Contextualizing Jewish Art: The Synagogues of Tiberias and Sepphoris," in: Jewish Culture and Society in the Christian Roman Empire (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary, in press).

101.     "First-Century Synagogues - The State of the Research," Svensk Teologisk Kvartalskrift (forthcoming).

V.     Book Reviews

102.    "The Causes of 66-70 C.E. - Review of The Roman-Jewish War (66-70 A.D.): Its Origins and Consequences, by M. Aberbach," Judaism 20 (1971): 244-248.

103.    "The Hellenistic Age: The World History of the Jewish People, ed. A. Schalit," Jewish Social Studies 35 (1973): 161-163.

104.    "Jewish Symbols in the Greco-Roman Period, by E. Goodenough," Qadmoniot 18 (1973): 66-67. Hebrew.

105.    "Sefer Tiberias, by O. Avissar," Qadmoniot 25-26 (1974): 62. Hebrew.

106.    "Understanding the Sacred Text: Essays in Honor of Morton S. Enslin in the Hebrew Bible and Christian Beginnings, ed. J. Reumann," Israel Exploration Journal 25 (1975): 181-183.

107.    "C?sar?e de Palestine: Etude historique et arch?ologique, by J. Ringel," Israel Exploration Journal 26 (1976): 215-216.

108.    "The Joint Expedition to Caesarea Maritima, I: Studies in the History of Caesarea Maritima, BASOR Supplemental Studies no. 19, ed. C. T. Fritsch," Israel Exploration Journal 27 (1977): 262-264.

109.    "Roman Palestine 200-400: The Land, by D. Sperber," Israel Exploration Journal 29 (1979): 128-131.

110.    "The Tabernacle Menorah, by C. Meyers," Israel Exploration Journal 30 (1980): 243-245.

111.    "The Temple of Solomon, by J. Gutmann," Israel Exploration Journal 31 (1981): 247-249.

112.    "The Excavations at Dura Europos, by C. H. Kraeling," Israel Exploration Journal 34 (1984): 61-62.

113.    "Excavation at Hammath Tiberias, by M. Dothan," Israel Exploration Journal 34 (1984): 284-288.

114.    "State and Society in Roman Galilee, A.D. 132-212, by M. Goodman," Israel Exploration Journal 36 (1986): 115-117.

115.    "Ancient Jewish Art and Archaeology in the Land of Israel, by R. Hachlili," Israel Exploration Journal 41 (1991): 212-215.

116.    "Galilee in the Mishnaic Period, by A. Oppenheimer," Zion 57 (1992): 213-216. Hebrew.

117.    "Jewish Civilization in the Hellenistic-Roman Period, ed. S. Talmon," Scripta Classica Israelica 13 (1994): 205-207.

118.    "Seeing and Hearing God with the Psalms - The Prophetic Liturgy of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, by R. J. Tournay," Jewish Quarterly Review 86 (1995): 233-236.

119.    "Jerusalem Under Siege, by J. Price," Jewish History 9/1 (1995): 114-115.

120.    "Material Culture in Eretz-Israel during the Talmudic Period, by D. Sperber," Bekhol Derakhekha Daehu ^_ Journal of Torah and Scholarship 1 (1995): 111-114. Hebrew.

121.    "Ancient Synagogues:Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, by D. Urman and P. V. M. Flesher (ed.), Ioudaios Review 5.012 (August, 1995).

122.    "Die Institution des j?dischen Patriarchen, by M. Jacobs," Religious Studies Review (1997).

123.    "The Monarchic Principle: Studies in Jewish Self-Government in Antiquity, by D. Goodblatt," Jewish Quarterly Review 88 (1998): 317-324.

124.    "Sacred Realm: The Emergence of the Synagogue in the Ancient World, ed. S. Fine," Journal of Roman Studies (in press).

125.    "Sepphoris in Galilee: Crosscurrents of Culture, ed. R. M. Nagy, C. Meyers, E. M. Meyers, and Z. Weiss"; "Promise and Redemption: A Synagogue Mosaic from Sepphoris, ed. E. Netzer and Z. Weiss," Biblical Archaeology Review 25/1 (1999): 66-68.

126.    "The Social Structure of the Rabbinic Movement in Roman Palestine, by C. Hezser," Jewish Quarterly Review (forthcoming).

127     "The Sage in Jewish Society of Late Antiquity, by R. Kalmin," Journal of Semitic Studies (forthcoming).

128.   "The Holy Place: On the Sanctity of the Synagogue during the Greco-Roman Period, by S. Fine," Hebrew Studies (forthcoming).

129.    "Into the Temple Courts: The Place of the Synagogues in the Second Temple Period, by D. Binder," Journal of Religion (in press).

130.    "Lod and Its Sages in the Period of the Mishnah and the Talmud, by B.-Z. Rosenfeld," Zion (in press) (Hebrew).

131.    "Jews and Christians in the Holy Land: Palestine in the Fourth Century, by G. Stemberger," Journal of Religious History (forthcoming).

Articles on Contemporary Judaism

132.    "The M'sorati School: A Pioneering Endeavor in Jewish Education in Israel," The Melton Journal (Spring-Summer 1983): 5-6.

133.    "Masorti Judaism in Israel: Challenge, Vision and Program," in: The Seminary at 100: Reflections on the Jewish Theological Seminary and the Conservative Movement, ed. N. B. Cardin and D. W. Silverman (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1987), 381-389.

134.    "Masorti Judaism in Israel: Challenge, Vision and Program," in: Towards the Twenty-First Century: Judaism and the Jewish People in Israel and America, ed. R. Kronish (Hoboken: KTAV, 1988), 79-92.

135.     "Religious Pluralism in Israel: A Jewish State or a State for Jews?" Proceedings of the Rabbinical Assembly 50 (1988): 49-69.

136.    "TALI Education: Its History and Principles," Shedemot 112 (1990): 26-33. Hebrew.

137.     "Conservative Judaism and Zionism: Toward the Twenty-first Century," Deepening the Commitment: Zionism and the Conservative/Masorti Movement, ed. J. Ruskay and D. Szonyi (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary, 1990), 7-14.

138.    "Jewish Education as a Means of Dialogue between the Religious and Secularist," Yad L'Ori (Jerusalem, 1993), 37-39. Hebrew.

139.    "The TALI Schools," Origins: The Beginnings of Jewish Educational Institutions, ed. W. Ackerman (Jerusalem: Magnes, 1995), 259-277.

140.     "Israel-Diaspora Relations: Then and Now"; "Education as a Means of Jewish Identification," in: The Tribes of Israel Together: A Dialogue with the President of the State of Israel (Jerusalem: President's House, 1996).

141.     "Therefore Man was Created Alone (Mishnah, Sanhedrin 4:6)," in: Human Dignity, ed. A. Satrikovsky (Jerusalem: Ministry of Education, 1998), 25-27 (Hebrew).

142.     "Professor Israel Levine," Learning in Jerusalem: Dialogues with Distinguished Teachers of Judaism, ed. S. Freedman (Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson, 1998),

Education

Academic Positions

Academic Committees

Non-Academic Positions

Archeological Excavations

Organization of Conferences

The Synagogue in Antiquity, The Jewish Theological Seminary, New York, 1984

The Galilee in the Greco-Roman Period, Kibbutz Hanaton and Jerusalem, 1989

Jerusalem: Its Sanctity and Centrality to Judaism, Christianity and Islam, Jerusalem, 1996

Jewish Cultural Life of Late Antiquity in Its Byzantine-Christian Context, Jerusalem, 1999

Research Interests:

Origins and development of the ancient synagogue. Rabbinic Judaism in the Talmudic era. Judaism in the Second Temple period. Historical geography of Israel. Judaism and Hellenism.

Research Projects:

Geographical place-names in Eretz Israel during the Second Temple, Mishnaic and Talmudic periods according to Hebrew and Aramaic sources. Funding: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.

Abstracts of Current Research:

The history and development of the ancient synagogue:

Over the past few years I have been studying the origins and development of the synagogue. This study traces the growth and evolution of this key institution over the first one thousand years of its existence, up to the end of Late Antiquity, integrating material from a wide variety of literary sources (rabbinic material, the New Testament, writings of Church Fathers and of Jewish writers of the Second Temple period, etc.) and archaeological evidence (art, architecture, and epigraphy).

Geographical place-names in Eretz Israel during the Second Temple, Mishnaic and Talmudic periods according to Hebrew and Aramaic sources:

The purpose of this research project is to cull from all Hebrew and Aramaic sources those relating to geographical place-names (cities, towns, rivers, mountains, etc.) in Eretz Israel in the Classical period. In addition to the sources, notes regarding manuscript variants and explanation of terms, as well as relevant scholarly literature relating to various aspects of each source, are included. Each entry (for each place-name) contains four additional sections concerning the site: (1) identification; (2) history; (3) archaeology; (4) comprehensive bibliography.

Judaism and its cultural context in antiquity:

The reaction and interaction between Judaism and its surrounding civilizations - from Hellenism through Byzantine Christianity - have been the focus of scholarly examination over the past two generations. In order to further clarify the dynamics involved, and to more successfully distinguish between different types of interaction, three different frameworks of cross-cultural contact are studied: (1) Jerusalem of the late Second Temple period; (2) ancient Judaism as a system of beliefs and practices; and (3) the ancient synagogue.

A history of Jerusalem in the Second Temple period:

This study examines the history of Jerusalem from the Persian conquest to its fall in 70. An analysis is made of the important historical developments, main institutions, as well as the social and religious configurations, in each of the Persian, Hellenistic and Roman eras. Archeological data is integrated into the discussion not only for the information it offers vis-a-vis the material culture, but also for its contribution to understanding the social framework of Jerusalem urban life.

Key words:

Synagogue, ancient; worship; liturgy; archaeology, Jewish; art, Jewish; Diaspora, Ancient; geography, Eretz Israel; rabbinic literature; Judaism; Hellenism; Jewish art; cross-cultural adaptation

Faculty Archaeology Faculty Jewish History Speakers Bureau Germania Judaica Hungarian Jewry Romanian Jewry Hispania Judaica