Medieval Jewish History Resource Directory

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General

Masorah

Geonica

Karaim

Genizah Studies

Jews in France Jews in Central Europe French and German Scholars Rashi Tosafot and Tosafists
Chassidei Ashkenaz Jews in England Jews in Italy Jews in Spain Spanish Scholars
Spanish Personalities Rabbi Yehudah Halevi Maimonides Expulsion from Spain and The Anusim Jews under the Islam
North African Scholars Jewish Mysticism The Khazars Jews and the Church The Crusades
The Inquisition Blood Libels Medieval Jerusalem Online Courses Bibliographies
Maps Miscellaneous, online texts

General

Basic Reading List for Medieval Jewish Studies
Internet Medieval Sourcebook - Medieval Jewish Life - Selected Sources
Internet Jewish History Sourcebook - The Jewish Middle Ages
Internet Medieval Sourcebook
Byzantine & Medieval Links Index
Byzantium - Byzantine Studies on the Internet
ORB - The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies
ORB Online Encyclopedia - Medieval Jews and Judaism
Medieval Calendar Calculator
New Medieval Calendar Calculator
Marginality and Community in Medieval Europe - Jews
The Labyrinth - Resources for Medieval Studies

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Masorah

The Masorah and the Masoretes - David E. Lipman
Aaron ben Moses ben Asher - Masorah Expert and First Grammarian - David E. Lipman
Aramaic Mnemonics in Codex Leningradensis - David Marcus
The Idea of the Sanctity of the Biblical Text and the Science of Textual Criticism - Menachem Cohen

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Geonica

The Gaonic Period - David E. Lipman
Yehudai Gaon - Gaon, Legalist, and, maybe, Talmud Redactor (8th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Amram ben Sheshna Gaon and Writer (Maybe) of the First Prayerbook(9th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Natronai Gaon - Major Responsa Writer (9th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Saadia ben Joseph Al-Fayyumi (892-942) - Michael Kagan
Saadia Gaon - Philosopher and Karaite-Fighter - David E. Lipman
Sefer Yetzirah: Book of Creation & Saadia's Commentary (excerpts)
Sherira Gaon - The First History of the Talmud (906-1006) - David E. Lipman
Samuel ben Hofni - Last Important Gaon of Sura (d. 1013) - David E. Lipman
Hai Ben Sherira - Last Great Babylonian Gaon (939-1038) - David E. Lipman

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Karaim

Karaim Homepage
Karaite Jews of America
Karaite Ketubbot from the Genizah
Judaic Treasures of the Library of Congress: The Karaite Humash

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Genizah Studies

Cambridge University Library - The Taylor-Schechter Genizah Research Unit
The Genizah On-Line Database (GOLD)
The Princeton Geniza Project
The Princeton Geniza Project - The Geniza Collections in the Archive
The Damascus Document from the Cairo Genizah: Its Discovery, Early Study and Historical Significance - Stefan C. Reif    (down July 2004)
A Basic Bibliography of the Genizah Collection - The Taylor-Schechter Genizah Research Unit

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Jews in France

Medieval Sourcebook: Agobard of Lyon: On the Insolence of the Jews To Louis the Pious (826/827)
Medieval Sourcebook: Agobard of Lyon: On the Baptism of Slaves Belonging to Jews (to Adalard, Wala, and Helisachar)
Jewish History Sourcebook: The Expulsion of the Jews from France, 1182 CE
Medieval Sourcebook: Pope Innocent III: Protest to Philip Augustus of France Against Royal Protection of Jewish Money-Lenders, 1204   
Jewish History Sourcebook: St. Louis and the Jews of France, before 1270 CE
The Jewish Monument at the Palais de Justice of Rouen

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Jews in Central Europe

Medieval Sourcebook: Charlemagne: Capitulary for the Jews, 814   
King Louis the Child of Germany: An Inquiry into the Tolls of Raffelstettin, c. 905   
Medieval Sourcebook: Bishop of Speyer: Grant of Lands & Privileges to the Jews, 1084
Medieval Sourcebook: Converts to Judaism: France and Germany
Jewish History Sourcebook: The Charter of the Jews of the Duchy of Austria July 1, 1244 CE
Jewish History Sourcebook: An Oath Taken by Jews Frankfort on the Main, about 1392 CE

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French and German Scholars

Rabbenu Gershom - Ashkenazi Takkanah-Maker (965-1040) - David E. Lipman
Abraham Ben David of Posquieres (RaBaD) - Great 12th Century Legalist Of Provence (1120-1198) - David E. Lipman
David Kimchi - Philosopher, Grammarian, and Defender of Maimonides (1160-1235) - David E. Lipman
Meshullam ben Jacob - Halachist and Philanthropist (12th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Solomon ben Abraham of Montpellier - Banned the Guide For the Perplexed (13th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Abba Mari ben Moses ben Joseph Astruc - Opponent to The Guide For the Perplexed (14th cen.) - David E. Lipman

 

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Rashi

Rashi - Bible and Talmud Commentator (1040-1105) - David E. Lipman
Rashi (1040-1105) Rabbi Solomon Itzchaki - Werner S. Hirsch
Rashi - A Short Biography
Rashi's Commentary to the Torah - Eliezer Segal
Medieval Sourcebook: Rashi (1040-1105): Communal Affairs in Troyes, c.1100

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Tosafot and Tosafists

Tosafot - Eliezer Segal
Meir Ben Samuel (Meiri) - 'Father of Rabbis' (1060-1135) - David E. Lipman
Jacob Ben Meir - Rabbenu Tam - Leading Tosafist (1100-1171) - David E. Lipman
Samuel ben Meir (RaSHBAM) - Tosafist and Torah Literalist (c. 1085-1174) - David E. Lipman
Rashbam's Commentary to the Torah - Eliezer Segal
Moses ben Jacob - Traveling Preacher and Author of the SeMaG (1190-1260) - David E. Lipman
Meir ben Baruch "of Rothenberg" - Greatest German Legalist in the 13th Century (1210-1293) - David E. Lipman
Samson ben Abraham - Tosafist and Proponent of the First Maimonidean Controversy (12th-13th cen.) - David E. Lipman

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Chassidei Ashkenaz

Chassidei Ashkenaz Movement - David E. Lipman
Samuel HeChassid - Founder of Chassidei Ashkenaz (11th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Judah Ben Samuel HeChassid - Leader of Chassidei Ashkenaz (11th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Eleazar ben Judah of Worms - Author of Sefer HaRokeach (b. 1165) - David E. Lipman

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Jews in England

The History of the Jews in England (1066-1655)
Medieval Sourcebook: Gilbert Crispin: Disputation of a Jew with a Christian
about the Christian Faith (Before 1096)
Medieval Sourcebook: Anselm of Canterbury: How to Treat a Convert (before 1100)
Medieval Sourcebook: Henry II of England: Concerning Loans From The Jews
Medieval Sourcebook: An Israelite Bishop without Guile (ca. 1168)
Medieval Sourcebook: From the Dialogue of the Exchequer: On Usury, c.1170
Medieval Sourcebook: The Abbey of St. Edmund's and the Jews, 1173-1182
Medieval Sourcebook: Gerald of Wales: A Witty Jew, c. 1185
Medieval Sourcebook: Gerald of Wales: Barnacle Geese should convince the Jew of the Immaculate Conception, 1188
Medieval Sourcebook: Roger of Hoveden: The Persecution of Jews, 1189
Medieval Sourcebook: Ephraim of Bonn: The York Massacre 1189-90
Clifford's Tower: Massacre at York (1190)
Medieval Sourcebook: Richard I of England: Charter by Which Many Liberties are Granted and Confirmed to the Jews, 22 March, 1190
Medieval Sourcebook: English Jewry is Organised: The Ordinances of the Jews, 1194
Medieval Sourcebook: Peter of Blois: Against the Perfidy of the Jews , before 1198
Medieval Sourcebook: Appointment of an Archpriest of the Jews in England, July 1199
Medieval Sourcebook: Gerald of Wales: Two Cistercian Monks turn Jews (before 1200)
Medieval Sourcebook: Contact between English Jews and Christians: Two Twelfth-century Views
Medieval Sourcebook: King John of England and the Jews
Image: Jewish Usurers, from the Rotulus Judeorum, 1233 - An English caricature of Jews as coinclippers and usurers.
Jewish Naming Convention in Angevin England - Eleazar ha-Levi
The Medieval Jews of Exeter
ORB - Medieval Judaism, Jews in Medieval England: A Bibliography - Christoph Cluse   (down July 04)

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Jews in Italy

Urban Life in Medieval Italy, 800-1400, Documenting the Jewish Community       (down July 04)
Urban Life in Medieval Italy, 800-1400, Documents of Jewish life, 9th-14th Centuries     (down July 04)
Medieval Sourcebook: Note of a Double Loan Arising from a Tax, 1203
Shabbetai Donnolo - Physician and Author of Sefer Ha Mirkachot (913-982) - David E. Lipman
The Anav Family - Italian Jewish Scholars - David E. Lipman
Nathan Ben Yechiel Anav - Greatest 11th Century Italian Scholar (11th cen.) - David E. Lipman
The Kalonymus Family - Italian and German Scholars and Mystics- David E. Lipman
Ovadia ben Abraham Bertinoro - Jewish Traveler and Explainer of the Mishnah (1445-1530) - David E. Lipman

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Jews in Spain

Fourth Council of Toledo: On the Keeping of Slaves, 633
Jewish History Sourcebook: The Jews of Spain and the Visigothic Code, 654-681 CE
Medieval Sourcebook: Jews and Christians in Teruel: The Fuero of Teruel, 1176 CE
Medieval Sourcebook: A Business Partnership between a Jew and Christian in Barcelona, 1235-1242 CE
Medieval Sourcebook: Royal Grants to the Jewish Community of Barcelona, 1241-1271
Medieval Sourcebook: Barcelona Jewish Court Documents: A Jewish Widow and her Daughter, 1261-1262
Medieval Sourcebook: Las Siete Partidas: Laws on Jews, 1265
Medieval Sourcebook: Barcelona Jewish Court Documents: A Daughter's Inheritance, 1293
Medieval Sourcebook: Jewish Views of Royal Monetary Policy in Aragon, 13th Century
Medieval Sourcebook: Jewish Community of Barcelona: The Book of Document Forms
Medieval Sourcebook: Ordinance of the Jews of the Crown of Aragon, 1354 CE
Medieval Sourcebook: Synod of Castilian Jews, 1432
Astronomy in Sefarad - Yuval Ne'eman
Hispania Judaica Research Center
Chaiya's Sephardic World - Jews in Medieval Spain
ORB: Specialized Bibliographies - Medieval Spain - Lynn Nelson

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Spanish Scholars

Sephardic Sages - Past and Present (Timeline)
Yehudi ben Sheshet - Grammarian and Defender of Dunash ben
Labrat
(10th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Dunash Ben Labrat - Poet and Grammarian (10th cen.) - David E. Lipman
David Hayyuj - Solver of the Great Hebrew Root Mystery (10th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Chanoch ben Moses - Talmud Scholar and Chief Rabbi of Spain (10th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Joseph ibn Abitur - Great Scholar, but Victim of Political Machinations (10th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Isaac ibn Gikatilla - Grammarian and Defender of Menachem ben Jacob ibn Saruk (10th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Jonah ibn Yanach - Leading Grammarian and Philologist (11th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Isaac ben Jacob Alfasi - Great Legalist and Writer of Sefer Ha-Halachot (1013-1103) - David E. Lipman
Rabbi Isaac Alfasi - The RIF (hebrew)
Solomon ibn Gabirol - Poet and Neoplatonic Philosopher (b. 1020) - David E. Lipman
Isaac Abalia - Court Astrologer and Rabbi (b. 1035) - David E. Lipman
Isaac ben Judah ibn Ghayyat - Talmudist and Poet (1038-1089) - David E. Lipman
Bachya ibn Paquda - Jewish Moralist (11th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Joseph ibn Migash - Greatest Talmudic Scholar in the Late 11th Century (1077-1141) - David E. Lipman
Abraham Ibn Ezra - Grammarian and Controversial Torah Commentator (c.1089-1164) - David E. Lipman
Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra's Commentary to the Torah - Eliezer Segal
Ibn Ezra - Georges Sarton
Judah bar Barzillai - Talmudic Authority and Author of Sefer Ha-Ittim (died c. 1125) - David E. Lipman
Abraham ben Isaac - Legalist Bridge between Spanish and French Jewry (1110-1189) - David E. Lipman
Abraham Ibn Daud - Jewish Historian and Philosopher (d. 1180) - David E. Lipman
Moses Ben Nachman (RaMBaN) - Talmud and Torah Scholar (1194-1270) - David E. Lipman
Ramban's Commentary to the Torah - Eliezer Segal
Abraham bar Chiyya - Philosopher, Astronomer, Mathematician, Surveyer, Interpreter, and Astrologer (12th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Jonah ben Abraham Gerondi - Halachist, Moralist, and Proponent of Maimonidean Controversy (1200-1264) - David E. Lipman
Solomon ben Abraham Adret (RaSHBa) - Leading Halachist and Maimonidean
Controversy Compromiser
(1235-1310) - David E. Lipman
Asher ben Yechiel (Rosh) - Great Legalist and Bridge Between Germany and Spain (1250-1328) - David E. Lipman
Jacob Ben Asher - the Ba'al Tur (1270-1343) - David E. Lipman
Rabbi Jacob ben Asher - "Ba'al Ha Turim" - Eliezer Segal
Meir Abulafia - 13th Century Talmudic Authority and Beginner of the Maimonidean Controversy (13th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Chasdai Crescas - Diplomat, Scholar, and Philsopher (1340-1430) - David E. Lipman
Isaac ben Judah Abravanel - Statesman, Financier, and Biblical Commentator (1437-1508) - David E. Lipman

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Rabbi Yehudah Halevi

Rabbi Yehudah Halevi (Rihal) (c. 1075-1141) - A Short Biography
Judah Halevi - Poet, Doctor, Philospher - David E. Lipman
The Poetry and Prose of Yehudah ha-Levi
Medieval Sourcebook: Judah Ha-Levi: The Kuzari, part I

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Maimonides

RaMBaM - Our Most Extraordinary Jewish Scholar - David E. Lipman
Moses Maimonides (1138-1204)  (down 04/2003)
Rambam - A Short Biography
Maimonides Resources
The Mishneh Torah - Eliezer Segal
Guide To The Perplexed - A Short Description
Medieval Sourcebook: Maimonides: The 613 Mitzvot
Medieval Sourcebook: Maimonides: The 13 Principles and the Resurrection of the Dead
The Laws and Basic Principles of the Torah - Immanuel M. O'Levy
Maimonides' Commentary to the Mishnah - Eliezer Segal
Oath of Maimonides
Did Maimonides Write "The Physician's Prayer"? - M. Nevins
Maimonides: Prayer, Worship, and Mysticism - D. R. Blumenthal
Maimonides' Interpretation of Trial in the Guide of the Perplexed - R. Toomey
Maimonides Web Page - Jonathan Baker
Rambam - Rabbi Yitzchak Etshalom
Rambam--His Thought and His Times - A Curriculum

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Spanish Personalities

Sephardic Sages - Past and Present (Timeline)
Hisdai ibn Shaprut - First Powerful Spanish Jew (10th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Samuel Ha-Nagid - Poet, Vizier, and General (11th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Medieval Sourcebook: Abraham Ibd Daud: On Samuel Ha-Nagid, Vizier of
Granada, 993-d after 1056
Benjamin MiTudelo - Jewish Traveler and Historian (12th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Todros ben Judah HaLevi Abulafia - Statesman, Kabbalist and Rabbi (13th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Samuel ben Meir Abulafia - Financier and Philanthropist (d.1360) - David E. Lipman
The Ibn Alfakhar Family - Scholars and Diplomats - David E. Lipman
The ibn Shoshan Family - Treasurers to Kings - David E. Lipman
The ibn Tibbon Family - Remarkable Arabic-Hebrew Translators - David E. Lipman

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The Expulsion from Spain & The Anusim

The Expulsion From Spain - A Short Description
Jewish History Sourcebook: The Expulsion from Spain, 1492 CE
Hispano Crypto-Jewish Resource Center
The Anusim List Page
Schulamith Halevy on Anusim (Crypto-Judaism)
Converso Dualities in the First Generation: The Cancioneros - Yirmiyahu Yovel

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Jews under the Islam

Jewish History Sourcebook: Islam and the Jews: The Pact of Umar, 9th Century CE
Jewish History Sourcebook: Islam and the Jews: The Status of Jews and Christians in Muslim Lands, 1772 CE
The Popular Arabic Literature of the Jews - Alan Corre
Literary Contacts and Where to Find Them: On Arabic Literary Models in Medieval Jewish Literature - Rina Drory
New Light on the Story of the Banu Qurayza and the Jews of Medina - W.N. Arafat
Medieval Jewish Community of Afghanistan - Guy Matalon

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North African Scholars

Hananel ben Chushi'el - Talmudist Bridge between Babylonia and Europe (11th cen.) - David E. Lipman
Abraham Ben Maimon ben Moses - RaMBaM's Son and Head of Egypt's Jewish
Community
(c. 1186-1237) - David E. Lipman
Great Rabbis of the Muslim Empire - Ezra Chwat

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Jewish Mysticism

Moses ben Shem Tov De Leon - Kabbalist and Author of the Zohar (1240-1305) - David E. Lipman
Todros ben Joseph HaLevi Abulafia - Statesman, Kabbalist and Rabbi (13th cen.) - David E. Lipman
From the Bahir to the Zohar - Eliezer Segal
The Ten Sefirot of the Kabbalah - Eliezer Segal
Philosophic Mysticism: The Ultimate Goal of Medieval Judaism - D. R. Blumenthal
Feminine Divine in Early Jewish Mysticism
Selected Bibliography on Kabbalah and Jewish Mysticism - Eliezer Segal

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The Khazars

The Khazaria Info Center
Medieval Sourcebook: The Medieval Jewish Kingdom of the Khazars, 740-1259
The Thirteenth Tribe - The Khazar Empire and its Heritage - Arthur Koestler

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Jews and the Church

Medieval Sourcebook: Prayers for Making a Synagogue into a Church (Latin)
Medieval Sourcebook: Ralph Glaber: On the First Millenium
Medieval Sourcebook: Innocent III: Letter on the Jews 1199
Medieval Sourcebook: Innocent III: Constitution for the Jews (1199 AD)
Pope Innocent III: The Keeping of Slaves by the Jews, 1204
Medieval Sourcebook: Lateran IV: Canon 68 - on Jews
Medieval Sourcebook: Martin V: From the Declaration on the Protection of the Jews: (1419)
Medieval Sourcebook: Professions of Faith Extracted from Jews on Baptism

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The Crusades

Chronology of the Crusades  (down 12/02)
The Crusades - Texts & Resources  (down 12/02)
Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East
Medieval Sourcebook: The Crusades - Selected Sources
Medieval Sourcebook: Soloman bar Samson: The Crusaders in Mainz, May 27, 1096
Medieval Sourcebook: Albert of Aix and Ekkehard of Aura: Emico and the Slaughter of the Rhineland Jews
Medieval Sourcebook: Roger of Hoveden: The Fall of Jerusalem, 1187
ORB - Crusades, A Guide to Online Resources
Basic Books on the Crusades  (down 12/02)
The Crusades - A Medieval Pilgrimage to Jerusalem (Dr. E.L. Skip Knox, Boise State University)

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The Inquisition

Inquisicion and other Early Hispanic Archives
The Catholic Encyclopedia: The Inquisition
Medieval Sourcebook: Bernard Gui: Inquisitorial Technique (c.1307-1323)
Medieval Sourcebook: Bernard Gui: Inquisitor's Manual
The Last Inquisition - Schulamith C. Halevy

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Blood Libels

Medieval Sourcebook: Socrates Scholasticus: The Blood Libel in Syria (late 4th Cent.)
Medieval Sourcebook: Ephraim ben Jacob: The Ritual Murder Accusation at Blois, May, 1171
Medieval Sourcebook: Thomas of Monmouth: The Life and Miracles of St. William of Norwich, 1173
Medieval Sourcebook: Gregory X: Letter on Jews, (1271-76) -Against the Blood Libel
Medieval Sourcebook: A Blood Libel Cult: Anderl von Rinn, d. 1462
Image: Simon of Trent being "martyred", 1475

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Medieval Jerusalem

Jerusalem in the Early Muslim Age (638 - 1099 CE) - The Jerusalem Mosaic
Jerusalem in the Crusader and Ayyubid Period (1099-1250 CE) - The Jerusalem Mosaic
Jerusalem in the Mameluke Period (1250-1517 CE) - The Jerusalem Mosaic
Medieval Sourcebook: Antiochus Strategos: The Sack of Jerusalem (614)
A Map of Jerusalem During the Crusades
Medieval Sourcebook: Fulcher of Chartres: History of the Expedition to Jerusalem
Medieval Sourcebook: The Siege and Capture of Jerusalem: Collected Accounts
Medieval Sourcebook: Fulk of Chartres: The Capture of Jerusalem, 1099
Medieval Sourcebook: The Taxes of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
Medieval Sourcebook: De Expugatione Terrae Sanctae per Saladinum: The Capture of Jerusalem by Saladin, 1187
Medieval Sourcebook: Roger of Hoveden: The Fall of Jerusalem, 1187
Medieval Sourcebook: Latin Kings of Jerusalem
Medieval Sourcebook: The Capture of Jerusalem, 1244

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Online Courses

Medieval Judaism - Eliezer Segal, University of Calgary
Jewish Mysticism - Eliezer Segal, University of Calgary
The Judeo-Islamic Tradition - Ronald C. Kiener, Trinity College
Medieval Jewish Thought: Creation - David R. Blumenthal, Emory University

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Bibliographies

Reading List for Medieval Jewish Studies - Dinur Center
Bibliography for Research in Medieval Rabbinic Judaism - Eliezer Segal
Bibliography on Medieval Jewish Philosophy - Eliezer Segal
A Basic Bibliography of the Genizah Collection - The Taylor-Schechter Genizah Research Unit
ORB - First Steps: an Introductory Bibliography in Medieval Jewish History - Elka Klein
ORB - Medieval Jewish Women in History, Literature, Law, and Art: An Annotated Bibliography - Cheryl Tallan
ORB - Jewish Life and Philosophy on the Continent before 1215: A Bibliography - Sharan Newman
ORB - Medieval Judaism, Jews in Medieval England: A Bibliography - Christoph Cluse
ORB - Medieval Antisemitism
Bibliographischer Einstieg: Geschichte der Juden im Mittelalter - Christoph Cluse
Bibliographien: Hermannus quondam Judaeus - Christoph Cluse
Medieval Jewish Women in History, Literature, Law and Art: A Bibliography - Cheryl Tallan

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Miscellaneous, online texts

Sephardic Sages - Classic Jewish Texts and Sephardic Treatises
Beyond the Pale - The History of Jews in Russia - The Middle Ages
The Michael Davidson Early Hebrew Printing Page
Jewish Heraldry
Anti-Semitic Legends - D. L. Ashliman
The History of Halakhah, Views from Within: Three Medieval Approaches to Tradition and Controversy - Moshe Halbertal
Medieval Christian (Dis)identifications: Muslims and Jews in Guibert of Nogent - Steven F. Kruger
Medieval Sourcebook: Legislation Affecting the Jews from 300 to 800 CE
Medieval Sourcebook: Justinian: Novella 146: On Jews
Medieval Sourcebook: Accounts of the Routes of the Jewish Merchants to the East, 847
Medieval Sourcebook: Jewish Ethical Wills, 12th & 14th Centuries
Jewish History Sourcebook: The Black Death and the Jews 1348-1349 CE
Image of Jew as Moneylender
Database of Medieval Jewish Names

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  Last Updated: 28/07/04

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